
How to Optimize a Website’s Core Web Vitals and Page Speed Score
What Are Core Web Vitals?
Google’s Core Web Vitals are a set of performance metrics that measure real-world user experience on your website. These focus on loading speed, interactivity, and visual stability.
The three primary Core Web Vitals are:
- Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) – How fast the main content loads (ideal: ≤ 2.5s)
- First Input Delay (FID) – How quickly users can interact (ideal: ≤ 100ms)
- Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS) – How stable the layout is while loading (ideal: ≤ 0.1)
Improving these metrics boosts both SEO rankings and user satisfaction.
How to Measure Core Web Vitals
You can use the following free tools to assess your site’s performance:
These tools provide actionable suggestions to improve your scores.
Optimization Tips for Each Vital
1. Improve Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
- Use a fast web host and CDN (like Cloudflare).
- Minify CSS, JS, and HTML.
- Compress images using WebP or AVIF formats.
- Preload important assets like fonts or hero images.
- Reduce TTFB (Time to First Byte) by optimizing server response time.
2. Reduce First Input Delay (FID)
- Minimize heavy JavaScript execution.
- Split JS into smaller bundles using code-splitting.
- Use lazy loading for scripts and components.
- Defer unused third-party code (like analytics or chat widgets).
- Prioritize critical user interactions (like buttons and menus).
3. Fix Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)
- Always set width and height on images and videos.
- Avoid inserting content above existing elements on load.
- Preload fonts to prevent late layout changes.
- Don’t inject ads or banners without reserving space.
- Animate using transform and opacity, not layout-affecting properties.
Bonus: Boosting Overall Page Speed Score
- Enable GZIP or Brotli compression.
- Use server-side rendering (SSR) for dynamic content.
- Set caching headers correctly (especially for static assets).
- Remove unused CSS and JavaScript with tools like PurgeCSS.
- Consider a static site generator for content-heavy pages.